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The differential impact of discrimination on health among Black and White women
Institution:1. P.C. Sint-Amandus, Beernem and Ghent University, Belgium;2. University of Toronto, Canada;3. University of Essex, UK;4. Ghent University, Belgium;1. Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania;2. Department of Sociology, Social Work and Anthropology, Utah State University, Logan, Utah;3. Utah State University, Logan, Utah;4. University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska;2. University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd, Galveston, TX, 77555-1150;3. Wayne State University, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 259 Mack Ave., Detroit, MI 48202
Abstract:Despite a large body of research examining the impact of discrimination on health, the ways in which perceived discrimination may lead to disparate health outcomes through a sense of self and system consciousness is less understood. The current paper is concerned with both mental and physical health consequences of discrimination, as well as mediating pathways among African American and White women. Indirect effects analyses examine mediating paths from discrimination to health outcomes via structural awareness and self-esteem, using data from the Women's Life Path Study (N = 237). Our findings suggest that discrimination is both directly and indirectly associated with health outcomes for both Black and White women, mediated by individual (self-esteem) and group-level (structural awareness) processes. Evidence from this study indicates that discrimination is associated with heightened structural awareness, as well as lower self-esteem – both of which are related to poorer health. Discrimination negatively affected health across three domains, although the mechanisms varied somewhat for Black and White women. Broad implications of this research for interdisciplinary scholarship on the effects of discrimination on health and health disparities are discussed.
Keywords:Perceived discrimination  Health  Self-esteem  Structural awareness  Mediation
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