放任与干预:近代中国经济自由主义的发声与变调

在近现代中国,对市场经济的排斥及对经济自由的忽略,经济自由主义在自由主义言说中的普遍缺席,成为自由主义思想传统的重要特色。晚清的严复、梁启超等人曾表达过反对政府干预、要求放任自由、让市场充分发挥作用的主张;但到了民国时期,在经济上却倾向于与自由经济对立的计划经济、统制经济与社会主义。近代中国的自由主义思潮从最初鼓吹自由竞争、放任主义,到后来转向倡导与经济自由主义大异其趣、大相径庭的统制经济、社会主义,这种从"发声"到"变调"的历程,既是受外部环境影响所致,也与中国社会文化、中国思想界乃至自由主义者内部的情况有关。

Non-inference and Inference:the Voice and Modified Tone of Economic Liberalism in Modern China

In modern China economic liberalism is absent because of excluding market economy.Yan Fu,Liang Qi-chao and others in the late Qing dynasty once expressed their views of giving market a full play.In the Republic of China(1912-1949),plan economy,control economy and socialism are favored.The liberal thoughts in modern China began from advocating liberalism and non-inference to control economy and socialism,which gives a clear process from voice to modified tone,either affected by the outer environment or China's society,culture,thoughts and even the liberalists themselves.