Antidiscrimination measures of the 1960s and occupational mobility: Evidence for black American men |
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Authors: | Augustin Kwasi Fosu |
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Institution: | (1) African Economic Research Consortium, Nairobi, Kenya |
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Abstract: | Based on an economywide index, I estimate that the occupational status of U.S. black men, relative to white men, rose an average
of .5 percent per year over the 1965–1981 period. After accounting for pre-existing trends, education, and censoring supply
factors, approximately 40 percent of the increase remains. I argue that these residual post– 1964 effects may be attributed
to the antidiscrimination measures of the times, particularly Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Although there seems to be some cyclical censoring, I uncover no evidence in support
of the secular censoring hypothesis that observed post– 1964 black male occupational progress results largely from black male
labor supply declines. I assign about one-half of the 21 percent relative earnings gains by black men during 1965–1981 to
occupational mobility. Compared with previous findings for black women, however, the results suggest substantially lower gains
for black men. In addition, occupational advancement appears to explain a much smaller proportion of the earnings increases
for black men than for black women.
An earlier version of this paper was revised while the author was Visiting Associate Professor at the Department of Economics
and the Frederick Douglass Institute, University of Rochester, New York. Useful comments were provided by members of the Institute
and the Department of Economics. Grant support by the Oakland University Research Committee and the School of Business Administration
is gratefully acknowledged. |
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