两晋南北朝列女事迹考

列女的本义是指众妇女。＂列女＂与＂烈女＂这两个词,在古代本来是通用的,都是指重义轻生而有节操的妇女。后来,随着封建社会的发展,儒家伦理道德的提倡,对妇女的束缚逐渐加深,就把不愿改嫁或被侵辱而殉身的女子称为＂烈女＂。这一＂烈女＂的含义,已与＂列女＂的本义大相径庭。两晋南北朝时期,由于妇女地位正处于变化之中,＂列女＂一词的含义已开始带有双重性质。但是,从使用的频率看,＂列女＂大大高于＂烈女＂,说明这一时期妇女受节烈的束缚还是比较少的。梳理两晋南北朝史籍中记载的妇女事迹,揭示当时士族妇女、庶族妇女与贫民妇女等民间妇女各阶层的基本生活面貌。

Study on the Deeds of "Lie nv" in the Wei,Jin and Southern-Northern Dynasties

The original meaning of ＂Lie nv＂ refers to all women.Lie nv（列女）and Lie Nv（烈女）had the same meaning in ancient times,referring to virtuous women.Later,with the development of feudal society and deepened constraints against women by Confucian ethics,women that did not want to remarry or invasion of shame and died were regarded as ＂Lie Nv＂.The meaning of this kind of ＂Lie Nv＂ was different form the original meaning.In the Wei,Jin and Southern-Northern dynasties,the word ＂Lie Nv＂（列女）had two meanings because of the changing status of women.However,in the frequency of use,the word ＂Lie nv（列女）＂ was used much more frequent than the word ＂Lie Nv（烈女）＂,which indicated women were less constrained in this period.The deeds of women in the Wei,Jin and Southern-Northern dynasties can reveal the basic life of noble women,ordinary women and poor women in that period.