论经典诗词"物是人非"的抒情范式

在我国的经典诗词中,"物是人非"是一种重要的抒情范式。这一抒情范式的特点,便是借宇宙自然中永恒不变的物象来凸现人生之短暂、人生的多变,生发出人类共有的感情,从而警醒人们珍惜生命、热爱生命。《诗经》中已出现了这一抒情模式。不过在唐以前,"物是人非"这一抒情范式表现得较为单调,内容多为悼亡诗和咏史诗。唐以后,伤逝、咏史怀古、离别、思乡、闺怨等各式主题都大量采用这一抒情模式。这也说明"物是人非"这一抒情范式适应主题的普泛性,几乎成为人们的"心头语言"。"物是人非"抒情模式一般所采用的表现手法有今昔对照、情以物迁、虚实相生等。现代心理学认为,人类有一种生而有之的"悲愁感",这一"悲愁感"是"物是人非"生成的心理学机制。

On the Pattern of "Things Never Change Though Persons Are Different" in the Classical Poem and Chi

Among the classical poem and chi in our country,there's a pattern which is "the things never change although the person is different".It's an important way of expressing the motions.It can show our lives are so short and variable by using the fixed things in the universe or the nature.Therefore it can develop our common feelings and warn us to cherish our lives.There have been this pattern of expressing in "poetry clssic".But before the Tang Dynasty,the pattern of "the things never change although the person is different" is dull,with the most appearances in the poems of recalling and history.Thereafter,all kinds of poems adopt this pattern,which indicates that it almost became people's "language of heart".That classic poem and chi express this "language of heart",having created art miracles.Everyone appreciate it for hundred years.The pattern usually use such methods as comparing past and present,changing with environment,mixing truth and falsehood.In poems using this pattern,there are many beautiful and interesting images.The pattern is the most prominent,so poets use it as a image for ever.singing history and ups and downs of one's life with emotion.That modern psychology believe that,people have a natural sorrow.We think this pattern of expressing result from this sorrow.