宋代理学发展心理学思想初探

博大精深的宋代理学蕴含着丰富的心理学思想，尤其是自成体系的发展心理学思想。理学发展心理学思想明确提出人应该而且可以追求心理发展的更高境界，即精神上不断超越的“圣人”。圣人的心理特征有二：一是智力与道德的最高发展，即“得天地之正，极人伦之至”；二是其精神境界是内隐存在的，即“圣人之动以天，贤人之动以人”。一个普通人要发展成为圣人，可以通过三种学习的途径：自我学习、生态学习、榜样学习。

On Developmental Mental Thoughts of Song's Neo-Confucianism

A great many of mental thoughts,especially the systematical developmental mental thoughts,are implicated in the thoughts of Song's Neo-Confucianism.According to the Developmental Mental Thoughts of Neo-Confucianism,it is certain that human being should or even can be developed into "the Sage".The Sage has the properties that he has reached the highest level morally and intelligently,and that he has a lofty spiritual realm and is an harmonious integrity of nature and human beings.For an ordinary person,there are three approaches to becoming a sage: self learning,ecological learning and learning by observing.