1920年代“侨日共济会”对旅日下层华工商社群的支援活动研究

以“侨日共济会”为主要研究对象，分析其成立原因、对旅日下层华工商的支援活动以及最终消亡的历史发展进程。20世纪初，中国的大批穷苦农民和手工业者赴日谋生，在日本受到来自政府和民间的种种歧视，旅日中国留学生为了改变这些华工商的困境，于1922年创办了“中华民国侨日共济会”，大大改善了他们的生活和工作状况。由于1923年关东大地震后的屠杀华工事件，旅日下层华工商或遭杀害，或被遣返回国，共济会会长亦被日本军队秘密杀害，因此共济会也随之走向衰落，最终退出历史舞台。

The Support Activity of the Overseas Chinese Free Masons in Japan to Chinese laborers in the 1920s

The paper gives an analysis of the reasons, the supporting activities and the evolving process of the Overseas Chinese Free Masons. In the early 20th century, a large number of poor farmers and craftsmen came to Japan to make a living and became a major part of the Chinese people in Japanese society. Unfortunately, they suffered all kinds of discrimination from the Japanese government and private sectors. In order to change the situation, Chinese students in Japan founded the Overseas Chinese Free Masons in 1922, which greatly improved Chinese laborers’ life and working conditions. However, due to the Massacre after the Great Kanto Earthquake in 1923, many Chinese laborers and merchants were killed in Japan or repatriated back to China. The president of the Masons, was also secretly killed by the Japanese army. The Free Masons, therefore, has gradually declined and eventually stepped down from the stage of history