存在主义视域下中国当代知识分子的精神困境书写——以李洱《应物兄》为中心

李洱在《应物兄》中刻画的各类知识分子均生活在萨特存在主义设定的“荒谬世界”中。尽管中国当代知识分子面对名与利的诱惑、爱与性的剥离、生与死的叩问三重精神困境无法逃避，但是当人面对具体环境时又可以按照个人意志作出自由选择，从而体现出自我的本质存在。应物兄面对光怪陆离、荒诞可笑的现实世界发生了从妥协到抵抗的微妙变化，这种变化启示中国当代知识分子面对复杂的现实社会既要“感时应物”，又要“应物而不累于物”。

The Spiritual Predicament of Contemporary Chinese Intellectuals from the Perspective of Existentialism as Exemplified by Ying Wuxiong by Li Er

All the intellectuals depicted in Ying Wuxiong by Li Er live in the “absurd world” set by Sartre’s existentialism. Although Chinese intellectuals could not escape from the three spiritual dilemmas, i.e., the temptation of fame and wealth, the separation between love and sex, and the inquiry of life and death, they could make free choices according to their own will to reflect the essence of their own existence. In the face of the bizarre and absurd reality, Ying Wuxiong had undergone a subtle change from compromise to resistance, which inspires contemporary Chinese intellectuals to “respond to things in time” and “respond to things without being tired of things” in the real society