基于Meta分析的团队断裂研究:分类,效果与情境

人口统计学断裂带的断裂效果是团队研究领域的重要内容之一,深入开展该问题的研究对企业的管理实践有着直接的指引作用。但目前关于团队断裂的研究存在如下几点不足:研究结论存在争议、缺乏对于断裂效果的分类与整合、未考虑具体的情境因素等。本文将人口统计学断裂细分为社会分类断裂带和信息基础断裂带两个维度,并将效果变量划分为团队过程效果和团队结果效果。根据断裂理论基础和作用机理的不同,将团队过程效果划分为社会整合和认知整合两类,而团队结果效果则重点关注断裂对团队绩效的影响。采用"input—process—outcome"的研究框架,探讨了不同类型的断裂对团队过程(社会整合和认知整合)与团队结果(团队绩效)的差异化影响,此外还比较了产业类型和团队特征等因素对于断裂关系的调节作用。采用Meta分析方法,对38篇独立文献的119个效应值进行了再统计分析,分析结果表明:社会分类断裂带和信息基础断裂带在与认知整合和团队绩效的关系上存在作用方向上的差异;产业类型与团队特征对信息基础断裂带与创新绩效之间的关系具有显著调节作用。文章最后从理论贡献、实际应用和研究不足等方面对结果进行了讨论,并提出了未来的研究方向。

A Meta-Analysis on Team Faultline: Category,Effect and Situation

Demographic faultline is one of the most important concepts in the team field,and the outcomes of demographic faultline raise lots of attention. But by now,the researches about team faultline still have some shortages. For instance,the conclusions are in disputes,there is no research about outcomes of faultline by category and specific situation is not taken into consideration. In this paper,we divide the team faultline into social category faultline and information-based faultline. Then we divide the faultline effect into process effect and outcome effect. On the basis of different theoretical bases and function mechanism,we divide the process effect into two parts: social integration and cognitive integration. Referring to the outcome effect,we pay more attention the team performance. Based on this classification,we use the"input-process-outcome"paradigm to discuss the different effects on the faultline process( social integration and cognitive integration) and faultline outcome( especially team performance). In addition,we pick the industry type and team characteristic as the moderators to explore the influence on the faultline and its effects. This study uses Meta-analysis to integrate results on the 119 effect sizes from 38 independent papers. The results show that there is a difference on the outcomes between social category faultline and information-based faultline,and industry type and team characteristic play significant role between information-based faultline and team creativity. In the end,we discuss the outcomes from the theory contribution,practical application and the shortage of research,in addition to the future research directions.