俄国犹太人问题的由来和发展

俄国犹太人来自哈扎尔犹太人和西方犹太人。俄国犹太人问题在中世纪并不明显，政府的对犹政策相对于西欧来说颇为宽容，俄国犹太人属于自由民且享有信仰自由；到沙皇统治时期，犹太人问题变得突出起来，犹太人的境遇也发生巨变，沙皇政府采取排犹、反犹政策，从最初的排斥、驱逐、划定栅栏区，到最后演变成屠杀犹太人。沙皇政府对犹政策的转变有其深刻的原因。

The Origin of Russian Jews'''' Problems and the Development

Russian Jews came from Hazhaer Jews and Western Jews.In the middle age,the Russian Jews' problem seemed to be unobvious.Compared with Russian Jews,the counter-Jew policy was quite tolerant to the western European Jews.It is well known that Russian Jews have free nationality and enjoy the freedom of belief.But till the Czar-govern period,the Jews' problem became incisive and their circumstances also had a great change.The Czar government took strong excluding-Jew and counter-Jew measures to exclude,exile and delimit the pale of settlement,even to slaughter them.As for the Czar government,the transformation of Counter-Jew policy had its profound reason.