国际贸易与劳动失业研究

贸易自由化会导致失业增多一直是贸易保护主义者最强有力的论据，然而直到20世纪90年代，国际贸易与失业之间的相关主题研究才逐渐大量涌现于理论文献之中。从几种解释失业模型（最低工资模型、效率工资模型和搜索模型）的分类出发，对国际贸易与失业的相关理论文献进行了梳理，然后按照跨国研究和对单个国家的研究分类对实证文献进行了归纳。研究认为，从3种不同的理论框架下出发，模型设定的贸易国的制度环境、产业分工以及贸易双方禀赋特点的不同，可以得出国际贸易对失业的不同方向的影响；实证检验由于产业的要素投入、产业间联系、产业开放程度和贸易国的制度特征不同，也呈现不同的结果。

Study on international trade and labor unemployment

That free trade has led to an increase in unemployment has been the strongest argument for trade protectionists. But it was not until the 1990s that research on the relationship between international trade and unemployment sprang up among the theoretical literature. In this paper，the theoretical literature is sorted out according to several models explaining unemployment: the minimum wage model，the efficiency wage model and the search model. And then the empirical literature is summarized according to transnational research and research on individual countries.Research shows that different impacts of international trade on unemployment are expected according to 3 different theoretical frameworks，due to different systems of respective countries，labor division and characteristics of each trade participants；also empirical study shows that due to difference in industrial element input，connections among different industries，industry openness and respective regime characteristics of the trading participants，there can be different results.