审美·道德·崇高——康德崇高理论的移情论阐释

康德美学有“崇高”与“美”两个重要的概念。在崇高感产生过程中，康德从情感状态出发，认为崇高与美有着内在的对立，将崇高定义为主客体之间的冲突感，这就阻塞了崇高感通向美感的道路；但康德提出了一种道德情感来解释崇高感的形成，运用利普斯的移情论美学，将道德情感扩展为一种伦理价值，将移情发展为一种具体的审美机制，既能以人格价值连接起崇高和美，也能够赋予崇高判断普遍可传达性，从而拓宽崇高的内涵。

YU Sheng-jie

In Kant’s aesthetics, the sublime is an important concept that is in harmony with beauty. In the process of producing the feelings of sublimity, Kant starts from the emotional state, proposing that the sublimity and the beauty are internally opposite. He also defines the sublimity as the conflict between the subject and the object, which blocks the way of the feeling of sublimity moving to the sense of beauty. But Kant suggests a moral sensibility to explain the sublime. We believe that the use of the empathic aesthetics of Lippes, the expansion of moral emotion into an ethical value, the development of empathy into a specific aesthetic mechanism, can not only connect the sublime and beauty with the value of personality, but also endow the sublime judgment with universal transmissibility, thus broadening the connotations of the sublime