基于权利视角的中国社会救助制度建构之法理

对于社会的弱势群体及其贫困者,以什么样的法律理念来支撑社会救助制度设计的大厦,确实是一个值得研究的问题.从系统论的视角看,中国现有的社会救助制度体系的不平衡性,无论是法律制度层面,还是政策制度层面,甚至是法律理念层面,都有一个进一步进行整体性建构的重要任务.社会救助制度的法律理念首先是生存权和发展权的权利保障,社会贫困群体及其个体需要从国家和社会两个层面获得救助,因此,国家义务和社会义务在社会救助中的功能将被凸现出来.现代社会的贫困不仅仅是一个经济现象,而且也是一个非常复杂的政治和社会现象,致贫的原因多种多样,但社会救助制度的终极目标是运用消极性和积极性的救助制度和机制,达到减少社会贫困、缩小贫富差距、缓和社会冲突的目的.

Law Theory for Establishing Chinese Social Relief System Based on Perspective of Right

Concerning the social weak group and the poor, it is worth studying the issue that what kind of law can support the design of the social relief system. In perspective of the system theory, because of its imbalance, the present Chinese social relief system is faced with the important task for a further overall construction, in law system, in policy system and even in the idea of law. The idea of law for social relief system is first of all the right protection for the survival right and the development right...