所有权变动规则研究--所有权变动规则的价值考量与理论反思

所有权变动模式以行为人是否享有充分自由为标准可分为“意思自由”和“公示要件”两种模式,“公示要件”模式的交易安全优势并非如通常所说得那样明显,而其对私法自治原则、生活的“自然”状态却导致较大的损害,产生“所有人”自己都不承认为自己是所有人的所有权等违背生活逻辑的现象,与社会生活逻辑难以一致,与权利的本质相悖。而意思自由模式是权利本质的要求,反映了生活的实际,学界对意思自由模式的批评多不成立。考量两者的价值损益,意思自由模式为优。

On the Rule of Ownership Change: Theoretical Reflections and Value Judgment

In the light of whether or not the actor enjoys full freedom,the modes of ownership change can be categorized into two types: liberty of intention and open constitution.The advantage of the latter over the former that it can guarantee safety of transaction is not so prominent as it is thought to be because it is harmful to the autonomic principle of private law and the natural condition of life,and because it results in the real owner's denial of his own property right which runs counter to the logic of life and the nature of human right.However,liberty of intention reflects the nature of property right and the reality of life.Therefore,the criticisms leveled against the latter mode by scholars within the academic field are not justified.If the value of both modes is taken into consideration,liberty of intention is preferable.