人工智能艺术家何以可能？

不具备主体性的人工智能不可能成为真正意义上的艺术家。人工智能艺术家何以可能的前提是人工智能能够拥有自我意识。目前的人工智能艺术创作事实上还是一种人类主体性参与的创作方式以及“人在环内”的人机交互模式，其意向性依然是人类在把控，并没有离开人类主体性的参与，即自我意识的投射。但科学发展的趋势似乎给我们展示了越来越大的可能性，让人们对那个“奇点”的到来充满着想象。自我意识始于反思，“涌现”是复杂系统在一定的组织层次上出现的新特性。有研究进展表明，自指结构的实现以及复杂系统的因果涌现很可能让人工智能产生自我意识，从而成为人工智能艺术家何以可能的关键技术路径。从人工智能存在形态的分析出发，可以大致梳理出人工智能艺术家的三种可能的形态进路:拟人无具身形态、拟人+具身形态和蜂群AI(集合AI)形态。而人工智能艺术家何以可能的系统构建可从动机——人工智能为何需要艺术，沿袭与变化——人工智能审美活动可能如何进行，创造性——人工智能艺术家的身份要件等三方面来进行辨析。

How is it possible for AI artists?

Artificial intelligence without subjectivity cannot become a true artist. The premise of how artificial intelligence artists are possible is that AI can possess self-awareness. At present, the creation of AI art is actually a creative method involving human subjectivity and a human-computer interaction model in which “people are inside the loop”. Its intentionality is still controlled by humans, and it does not leave the participation of human subjectivity, that is, the projection and endowment of self-awareness. But the current trend of scientific development seems to have shown us an increasingly strong possibility, making people full of imagination about the arrival of that “singularity”. Self-consciousness begins with reflection, and “emergence” is a new characteristic that appears in complex systems at a certain organizational level. Research progress has shown that the implementation of self-referential structures and the causal emergence of complex systems are likely to generate self-awareness in artificial intelligence, thus becoming a key technological path for AI artists. Starting from the analysis of the existing forms of artificial intelligence, we can roughly sort out three possible morphological approaches for AI artists: anthropomorphic embodied form, anthropomorphic + embodied form, and swarm AI (collective AI) form. The system construction of how AI artists are possible can be distinguished from three aspects: motivationwhy AI requires art, inheritance and changehow AI aesthetic activities may be carried out, creativitythe identity requirements of AI artists.