钱穆与中国新史学

近两年来,中国大陆学者们似乎对"新史学"又有了一份新的热情,这也许是中国历史上每逢世纪之交的一种惯常现象.后学总结梳理前学应是历史进步与发展的必然.然究竟谁人以及何种史学研究能代表20世纪中国的"新史学",好象并没有达成基本的共识.本文从史学思想、史学方法两大方面,主张20世纪中国的新史学,肇起于梁启超,接踵之人乃王国维,真正成型的代表是钱穆.钱穆的最大贡献在于破除史家门户藩篱,提出贯通诸家的历史研究新路向;同时以独创性的思维,首倡以历史精神研究历史;并且在史学方法上提出"更生之变"与"洗汰传统"的史研新法.这些独具亮色的贡献,不仅领袖20世纪的史学研究,而且也代表着中国新史学的发展方向.

Qian Mu and the New Historiography of China

Recently, scholars in mainland China have shown new passion for the New Historiography, which is perhaps a common phenomena at the turn of the centuries. It is historical necessaries for scholars of the younger generation to summarize and sort out the elder's achievements. However, there is no consensus on who and what kind of history research can represent the New Historiography of China in the 21st century. By analyzing theory and method of historiography, this paper affirms that the New Historiography of China in the 21 st century began with Liang Qichao, was carried on by Wang Guowei, and took shape at Qian Mu's times. Qian Mu's significant contributions include; puling forward a new direction of historical research to line up all historical factions; advocating history research with historical spirit; promoting new methods for the research, such as the change of regeneracy and transformative tradition. All his efforts not only guide the history research in the 21st century, but also represent the new direction of the New Historiography development of China.