需求不确定下生产能力与竞争优势之间的关系

在需求不确定的条件下,用生产能力刻画产量决策的柔性,用古诺模型描述企业间的(产量)竞争,建立一个两企业战略竞争博弈模型,并利用博弈均衡构建柔性水平与竞争优势之间的函数关系。比较静态分析结果表明,(1)其他条件不变,一家企业的相对竞争优势随着自己的生产能力增加而增加,但随着对手的生产能力增加而降低;(2)生产能力较高的企业将获得较高的绝对竞争优势。这些结果暗示,柔性水平与竞争优势之间呈现一种正向的变动关系。这一结论一方面在一定程度上澄清了战略管理文献中呈现出的"战略柔性与竞争优势之间的联系方向模凌两可"这一问题;另一方面,由于引入了竞争性战略互动,从而将基于个人理性决策的结果扩展到战略相互依赖的竞争性情形下。

The Relationship between Production Capacity and Competitive Advantage under Demand Uncertainty

Under demand uncertainty, the flexibility of quantity decision is descrided by production capacity, the Cournot model is used to build a 2-firm game model that describes the strategic (quantity) competition between those two firms, and the equilibrium is emploged to establish a functional relationship between flexibility and competitive advantage. The results obtained by comparative statics analysis show that (1) it other things equal, a firm’s relative competitive advantage increases with its production capacity, but decreases with its opponent’s production capacity; (2) the firm with higher production capacity will achieve higher absolute competitive advantage. These two results indicate that competitive advantage is positively related to flexibility. This conclusion, to some degree, clarifies the problem of the ambiguity of the relationship between flexibility and competitive advantage in strategic management literature, and extends the findings in the studies based on individual rational decision-making to a competitive context where strategic interdependence exists due to the introduction of competitive strategic interaction.