灾害风险下应急资源调配的超网络优化研究

针对应急网络中具有不同属性特征的各主体、以及灾害风险演变与应急资源调配间的相互作用,本文构建了一个以资源调配量和灾害风险度为网络流、包含"出救点、分发中心、受灾点"的三层超网络结构,并将其转化成等价结构进行定量建模。通过分析模型的应急优化目标和对受灾点的资源救助行为,利用变分不等式理论推导出模型最优求解定理。设计算例进行数值求解和仿真分析,说明了各应急主体(间)的能力限制、各应急主体(间)的灾害风险度等关键参数对资源调配决策优化有重要影响。

Supernetwork Optimization of Emergency Resources Allocation under Disaster Risk

Under consideration of different characteristics for various subjects in emergency networks, as well as the interaction between the disaster risk environment and the relief resources allocation, a three-tiered supernetwork framework,is constructed consisting of retrieval depots, distribution centers and demand points, and its the network flows are the amount of allocated resources and the disaster risk degrees. By transforming this supernetwork to an equivalence structure, the emergency optimization objectives and disaster relief behaviors are formalized, and then they are represented as the complementary problem of a variational inequality for computational solution. Numerical simulation and sensitivity analysis demonstrate that some key parameters, e.g. the emergency capability limitation and the disaster risk degree, have important influence on decision-makings of emergency resources allocation.