西周“畴学”述略

“畴学”是西周世禄世官的政治制度、学术官守的学术管理制度及学在官府、官师合一的教育制度下的产物。本文探讨了畴学这一颇具特色的教育形式 ,认为畴学具备专科教育的性质和主要特征 ,可视为中国古代专科教育的萌芽。畴学不仅为西周中高级技艺人才的培养和科学技术知识的保存做出重要贡献 ,对春秋以后专科教育的发展也有深远影响。

Primitive professional training in the Western Zhou Dynasty

Primitive professional training during the Western Zhou Dynasty is a combined product of the hereditary political system,the governmental academic administration system,and the officially-monopolized educational system characterized by officials being teachers at the same time.It is pointed out that,having the true nature and chief features of professional training,this primitive professional training in the Western Zhou Dynasty can be regarded as the rudiment of ancient professional training,and that it not only had trained senior and junior artisans for the society and preserved the scientific and technical know-how at that time,but had also exerted deep and profound influences upon the professional training in the Spring and Autumn Period and after.