准据法及其理论与方法论纲

准据法是国际私法的特有概念和基本范畴,它是指经冲突规范援引被用来确定国际 民商事关系主体的具体权利、义务和责任的某种实体法。传统国际私法的历史也是关于准据法的 理论和方法的历史。从“法则区别说”到“法律关系本座说”再到“最密切联系说”,可谓国际 私法历史发展过程中的三个里程碑,反映着人们探寻确定准据法的原则、规则和方法的思索轨 迹,其目的都是为解决法律冲突问题而寻找准据法,同时说明确定准据法的理由,尤其是解释和 调和适用外国法与内国国家主权(或属地优越权)之间的矛盾。不过,确定准据法的最高价值取 向是法律适用的“适当性”。

Outline of Applicable Law's Theory and Method

Applicable law is the exclusive concept and fundamental category of private international law. It means certain substantive law that is used to determine the specific right, duty and liability of international civil and commercial subject invoking by conflict norm. The history of traditional private international law is the history about applicable law's theory and method as well. From "statute theory" to "sitz of legal relationship theory" and then to "theory of the most significant relationship", it is three milestones in the historical evolution of private international law, reflects the ponder orbit that people seek after the principle, rule, and method for settling the applicable law. The aims are all looking for the applicable law in order to resolve the conflict of legal norms, explaining the reason for this selection, specially interpreting and reconciling the applicable contradiction between foreign law and domestic state sovereignty (territorial supremacy). However, the supreme value to determine the applicable law is "reasonableness"in application of law.