中日两国南京大屠杀研究的回顾与思考

南京大屠杀是人类历史上最为残暴的惨案之一。20年来,中日两国学者在南京大屠杀的史料搜集和历史研究方面取得了丰硕的成果,但是,中日双方以及日本学者内部在南京大屠杀的概念、死亡人数、大屠杀成因以及对史料的解读等方面仍存在较大的分歧,争论至今没有停止。战后日本政府对待侵略战争的态度、国际政治的变幻、学者和社会大众立场身份的限制以及有关南京大屠杀核心史料的缺失等因素扩大了中日之间历史认识的分歧。因此,突破政治制约,构建学术对话平台,并注入人类文明的视角以推动研究的国际化将是中日史学工作者今后努力的方向。

Nanjing Massacre Studies in China and Japan: A Retrospect and Consideration

Nanjing Massacre is the most ferocious atrocity in human history. In the past 20 years, Sino-Japanese scholars have achieved much in the studies of the tragedy, though there still exist, between scholars of the two nations and among those in Japan, evident disagreements in the recognition of the Massacre, number of victims, causes as well as how to paraphrase the historical data. The divergence in understanding the history has been made bigger by such factors as the attitudes adopted by the Japanese government towards the war, the unstable international politics, the perspectives taken by the scholars and the public and the missing of the key historical data relating to Nanjing Massacre. Therefore, a common goal for Sino-Japanese scholars will be putting aside politics, establishing a platform for academic dialogues and adopting a shared perspective of human civilization in their study of this history.