简析古今汉语的定数量词

定数量词是既具有陪伴性质又表示一定数量的量词。定数量词产生较早 ,虽数量不多 ,但却曾经在古代汉语中被较为普遍地使用过。发展到现代汉语 ,定数量词已有了很大改变 ,其演变类型大致可分为三类 :( 1)定数量词的性质基本没发生变化、只是陪伴范围有所改变 ;( 2 )仍属于量词范畴、但已不是定数量词 ;( 3)已不再是量词 ,被彻底淘汰出量词范畴。分析其演变的原因 ,主要是与该定数量词的初始意义密切相关 ,同时 ,古代的典章制度等文化因素也与定数量词的演变有密切关系

Brief Analysis upon Definite Measure Word of Modern and Ancient Chinese Language

Definite measure word(DMW) is the kind of measure word which has the nature of companying and the function of indicating number. Though few in number,DMW has a long history, and it was once widely used in ancient Chinese language. In modern Chinese language, DMW has changed greatly. Its development can be dieided into three types: (1) Basic natures of DMW have not altered, but the range of companying has changed to some extent; (2) Some of DMW still belong to measure word but not DMW any more; (3) Some lost the natures of measure word and were eliminated from the category of measure word. Analyzing the reasons of development, we find out it is closely related to their original meanings and the cultural factors as well such as ancient institutions. Through the analysis of DMW\'s development, we could poke further into the research of this word category which embodies the characteristics of Chinese Language.