村民自治单元下沉的价值与困境——黑龙江省方正县试点调查研究

村民自治是我国基层民主政治的基础,其实践形式具有多样性。村民自治单元下沉的实质是对行政村自治功能的剥离和重心的下移,有助于强化村民自治的主体地位,提高村民自治的有效性,并巩固村民自治的社会资本。然而,村民自治单元下沉也面临组织运行缺乏经费保障、自治活动缺乏人才支撑,以及村民理事会"再行政化"等困境。充分发挥村民自治单元下沉的价值,需要掌握合适的"度",综合衡量村庄"软硬"环境,还要着力增强村庄治理资源,发展壮大村集体经济。

The Sinking Value and Dilemma of Villagers Autonomy Unit:Based on the Research of Fangzheng County in Heilongjiang Province

Villager autonomy is the foundation of grassroots democracy in China,and its practice forms are diverse.The essence of the sinking of villager autonomy unit is the separation of the function of administrative village autonomy and the downward shift of the focus,which helps to strengthen the dominant position,improve the effectiveness and consolidate the social capital of villager autonomy. However,the sinking of villager autonomy unit is also faced with the difficulties of lack of funds guarantee for organization operation,the talent support for autonomous activities,and re-administration of villager council. To give full play to the value of the sinking of the villagers’ autonomous unit,on the one hand,we need to grasp the appropriate"degree"to comprehensively measure the"soft and hard"environment of the village,on the other hand,we need to focus on strengthening the village governance resources and developing the village collective economy.