现代文学社团与传统文人会社比较论

文人聚会结社自东汉以后逐渐蔚为风气,其中招募式的“吟社”与我们今天所谈论的文社或者文人社团相距甚远。文人会社理论也在中国古代有了相当的发展。古代文人会社组织的基本条件和基本模式不外乎有闲(情逸致)、有权、有钱、有资质(资格或资历)。这也正是现代管理学概括的三个权威的投射:行政权威、经济权威和知识权威。现代中国确有一些类型的文学社团是与行政权威的运作紧密相连的,但经济权威作用于文学社团的情形并不十分明显,在现代中国文学社团的运作中,知识权威乃是最根本的支撑。

A Comparison between Modern Literary Associations and Traditional Literati Associations

Men of letters' get-together and forming associations became a prevailing trend after the Eastern Han Dynasty. The poets' associations of a recruiting nature differed greatly from the literary associations that we are talking about today.The theories on literati associations developed considerably in ancient China.The basic condition and pattern of ancient literati associations were only that they had a carefree mood,political power,money and intellectual endowments.And they are just the reflection of the three authorities sumerized in modern management theories: administrative,economic and intellectual authorities.Modern China really witnessed the close linkage between some types of literati associations and the operation of administive authority,but,it was not obvious that economic authority excercized influence on literary associations. intellectual authoritywas their fundamental mainstay.