论清末师范教育的特点

清政府于1904年1月颁行癸卯学制，创建了纵有阶段、横有类别、独立设置的近代中国师范教育体系，构建了中国师范教育相对完整的框架与基本格局。为吸引、鼓励人们学习师范、乐于从教，促进师资队伍的稳定，清末实行师范毕业生效力义务与奖励相结合政策。清政府先后多次派人赴日本考察教育，大规模向日本派遣留学生，聘请日本教习来华任教，将军国民教育列入教育宗旨，使近代早期师范教育具有仿日性质。

On the Characteristics of Teacher-Training at the End of the Qing Dynasty

In 1904, the Qing Dynasty issued the Guimao Learning System, which established in modern times a Chinese teacher-training system with different phases, categories, independent arrangements, and set up a relatively complete framework and basic structure for China's normal education. To get people interested in normal education, to make them receive with willingness this education and start themselves as teachers, and to maintain a proper number of people in the field of teaching, at the end of the Qing Dynasty, a policy was carried out that graduates of teacher-training were obliged to teach and were entitled to awards for that. The Qing Dynasty also sent to Japan several batches of people for education investigation and a large number of students for studying. Japanese teachers were engaged to teach in China as well. It placed national and military education among one of educational aims, thus gave China's modern early normal education a measure of Japanese style.