新疆塔里木河流域人口增长、水资源与沙漠化的关系

新疆塔里木河流域土地沙漠化的直接成因是干流和下游来水量的减少,而来水量的减少与上个流域段耕地面积的增加有密切关系。经过定性定量的分析,进一步发现在塔里木河这样典型的内陆河流域,人口增长对耕地面积(在干旱区流域基本等同于灌溉面积)不仅有密切的关系,而且不同的流域段人口增长对耕地增大的驱动效果也不同,人口增长的驱动对土地退化的影响具有从源流向下游的传递性,下游的土地沙化主要通过源流和上中游人口增长对下游来水量的影响传递产生。因此,治理下游严重的土地退化,控制源流和上中游的人口增长将比通过移民减少下游的人口更为重要。

Relations on Population Growth, Water Resource and Desert in Talimu River Area of Xinjiang Province

Through researching the authors found that the direct determinant of land desertification in this inland river valley is the reduction of water in trunk especially in lower reaches,and the reduction of water is closely related with the increase of calculated land in previous reaches.By analyzing quantitatively and qualitatively the authors found that not only there is a close relationship between population and calculated land,but there is different driving impact of population on the growth of calculated land in different reaches because of different water supply.so the land desertification in lower reaches is influenced mainly by the transmit from the population impact in resource reaches,upper reaches and middle reaches commonly.