论明清以来儒者关于妈祖神性的定位

明代中期,儒者在朝廷中的影响越来越大,许多儒者将妈祖信仰视为淫祀,地方官往往采取撤毁妈祖庙的措施。清代初年,康熙帝仍然沿袭儒者贬低民间信仰的传统。迄至信奉道教的雍正皇帝上台,官府才开始大力推崇妈祖信仰。受其影响,儒者编制了妈祖为林孝女的神话。民国初期,文化界再一次掀起毁淫祠的活动,但林孝女祠仍被保留下来。

Mazu Deity from the Perspective of Confucians since Ming and Qing Dynasties

In the mid-Ming Dynasty,Confucians were gaining increasingly greater sway in the imperial court,and as majority of Confucians regarded Mazu worship as immoral,governments at local levels would tend to close down local Mazu temples.At the beginning of Qing Dynasty,Emperor Kangxi continued to suppress folk believes.Not until Emperor Yongzheng,a Taoist,took power,did the government begin to promulgate Mazu worship.On that strength,Confucians created the myth of Mazu as goddess of filiality.Thus,at the beginning of the Republican Period,Mazu temples were saved from destruction in the repeated fanatic movement to pull down immoral temples.