"单位制"变革与城市社会成员的贫富分化

"单位制"是新中国成立以来中国城市社会普遍实行的一种组织制度和管理制度.在完全的单位体制下,城市社会成员的收入差距受到了国家的严格控制,整体呈现出一种平均主义的特征.随着改革的深入,一方面,单位组织在分配国家资源方面仍然处于主导地位;另一方面,单位组织的利益型特征逐渐突出.单位组织自身的状况(内生性因素)以及其与社会的联系(外生性因素)成为影响城市社会成员贫富分化的重要因素.在单位制变革的过程中应当控制过高的贫富差距,体现公平与效率的统一,维护社会稳定,促进社会发展.

"Unit System" Reform and the Wealth Polarization of Urban Citizens

Unit System is an organizational and managerial system adopted in cities nationwide since the foundation of China, With the fully practicing of it, the State takes firm control over the income gap of urban citizens and the overall income system is characterized by Equalitarianism. With the deepening ofthe reform, Unit organizations get gradually profit-oriented while remaining in the lead in distributing the national resources. The condition of different Unit organizations and their relation with the society become the dominating factor in wealth polarization. In order to maintain stability of society and promote social development, we should control exorbitant income gap, embody the unification of equity and efficiency in the course of the reforming of Unit system.