公民参与形式的类型及其适用性分析

公民参与是现代国家政治生活和政府公共政策过程不可或缺的部分。公民参与形式的设计和选择直接关系到参与的结果及有效性,进而影响到公民参与的积极性和对政府的信任程度。尽管公民参与形式选择的有效性受到诸多因素的影响,但人们仍可以采用一些规范性标准来评价公民参与形式的有效性,从而有助于公共管理者在不同的政策背景和目标下,理性地对公民参与形式做出选择。

An Analysis of the Types and Effectiveness of Citizen Participation Forms

Public participation is a critical,necessary part of modern political life and processes of decision-making. It is very important to consider and select appropriate participating forms carefully,because this directly relates to the results and effectiveness of the participating processes,and also gives impacts on citizens' enthusiasm and trust on government. Based on two basic points of view,that is,the nature of public policy issues and objectives,expectations of citizen participants involving in the processes,the author discusses four different types of participating forms which may adapt to different issues of public decision-making,examines characteristics of these types and their roles in different public policy processes. With the analysis,the author tries to provide a useful tool for public managers and citizen leaders to think about and choose suitable participating forms rationally in order to improve decision-making quality and promote citizens' passion and engagement.