为昭代真儒辩护:明朝人讨论薛瑄从祀问题的一个重要侧面

薛瑄是第一位在明代从祀孔庙的明儒,这无疑是明代思想史中的重要课题。孔庙的从祀问题本来只是朝廷上皇帝和儒臣才需要讨论的议题,毕竟能不能从祀孔庙的最后决定权在国家,不在私人。李濂以一个罢官在野的士人却参与了对此课题的讨论。通过他的讨论,我们将发现此课题为一个更大范围的士人所重视。更重要的是,李濂的讨论是和嘉靖中叶朝廷上的儒臣在讨论这些课题时所表现出的新范式遥相呼应的。由此可见,这一新范式其实是为许多士大夫,无论在朝在野,所共有的。

Defending the True Confucian: an Important Aspect in the Discussion of XueXuen's Enshrinement by Confucians in the Ming Dynasty

Xue Xuan was the first Confucian to be enshrined in the Temple to Confucius during the Ming Dynasty,which is definitely a major topic in the study of Ming intellectual history.Theoretically,the enshrinement of Confucian was an issue that only concerned the emperor and his ministers,since listing a Confucian in the sacrificial rolls lied in the state,not private individuals.Interestingly,Li Lian explicitly expressed his view on the issue in spite of the fact that he was out of office.Through the study of his view,it is apparent that a much larger circle of scholars were also concerned with the enshrinement issue.More importantly,Li Lian's view echoed the new paradigm in assessing Confucians,made by court officials during mid-Jiajing period.This shows that the new paradigm was one shared by many scholars,regardless of whether they were in or out of office.