遗民张岱历史散文书写中的对象考察

张岱的历史散文书写，代表了清初明遗民历史散文书写的动向和所达到的思想深度。他在追究明朝灭亡多方面的内在原因的同时，从庶民小人物身上看到了民族大义、过人本领和理想生活境界，初步认识到历史脉动的底层力量所在，成为《儒林外史》寄望平民奇人的先声。

A Study of the Historical Objects in the Prose of Zhang Dai as a Ming Loyalist

Zhang Dai's historical prose,as the representative work in depth of thinking of that time,indicates the tideway of the historical prose by Ming loyalists in the early Qing Dynasty.While he probed into the multiple,inherent reasons why the Ming Dynasty was led to downfall,he paid tribute to the national righteousness,splendid talent and ideal life-style from low-down plebeians.And he also understood initially the fundamental force of historical development.Therefore his prose became the herald of later works such as The Scholars that placed one's hope on common people and rare talents.