奥康纳生态学马克思主义与生态文化建设

奥康纳继承和发展了历史唯物主义方法论,立足于马克思主义生产劳动范畴,将生态环境问题作为时代主题,把自然生态因素与政治、经济、文化因素相联系研究生态危机的根源及其现实解决途径,确立了自身生态马克思主义的理论视域。在人与自然关系上,奥康纳在肯定人与自然之间互动协作关系的同时,强调生产劳动对人与自然关系的主导作用。奥康纳生态学马克思主义将自然等作为生产条件,论述资本主义社会存在的第二重矛盾,即资本生产与生产条件之间的矛盾,并在此基础上探讨生态危机的资本主义根源、新社会运动对资本主义生产的制约作用、国家对资本生产与自然矛盾的协调,以及资本主义向生态社会主义转型。奥康纳生态学马克思主义无论是其理论视域,还是其人与自然关系理论,以及他的资本主义,社会主义与自然关系的思想,都与生态文化建设有着内在的关联。我们应该重视观念转变对于生态文化建设的价值。

O'''' Connor''''s Ecological Marxist Theory and the Building of an Ecological Culture

Having inherited and developed the methodology of historical materialism and based on the category of productive labor of Marxism,James O' Connor succeeds in establishing the theoretical perspective of ecological Marxism of his own by viewing the ecological environment as the epoch theme and studying the causes of the ecological crisis and its solutions via combining the factors of natural ecology and the political,economical and cultural factors.In terms of the relations between humans and nature,O' Connor stresses the leading role that productive labor plays in the human-nature relations while affirming the interactive and coordinating relationship between humans and nature.O' Connor's ecological Marxist theory viewing nature as the conditions of production,expounds the second contradiction existing in capitalist society-the contradiction between capital production and production conditions and on this basis delves into the capitalist origin of the ecological crisis,the function of the new social movement's restraining the capitalist production,the state's coordination of the contradiction between capital and natural contradictions and capitalism's transition to ecological socialism.O' Connor's Ecological Marxism has an innate linkage with the building of an ecological culture in its theoretical perspective,its theory of the relations between humans and culture and its thought on the relationship between socialism,capitalism and nature.We should attach importance to the values of conceptual changes' influencing the building of the ecological culture.