ISA,ISSAM, EAU,EAA and ASA recommendations: investigation,treatment and monitoring of late-onset hypogonadism in males |
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| Authors: | Christina Wang Eberhard Nieschlag Ronald S. Swerdloff Hermann Behre Wayne J. Hellstrom Louis J. Gooren |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center and Los Angeles BioMedical Research Institute, Torrance, CA, USAwang@labiomed.org;3. Centre for Reproductive Medicine and Andrology, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany;4. Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center and Los Angeles BioMedical Research Institute, Torrance, CA, USA;5. Center for Reproductive Medicine and Andrology, University Hospital Halle, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany;6. Department of Urology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA;7. Department of Endocrinology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands |
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| Abstract: | AbstractHypogonadism or Testosterone Deficiency (TD) in adult men as defined by low levels of serum testosterone accompanied by characteristic symptoms and/or signs as detailed further on can be found in long-recognized clinical entities such as Klinefelter syndrome, Kallmann syndrome, pituitary or testicular disorders, as well as in men with idiopathic, metabolic or iatrogenic conditions that result in testosterone deficiency. These recommendations do not encompass the full range of pathologies leading to hypogonadism (testosterone deficiency), but instead focus on the clinical spectrum of hypogonadism related to metabolic and idiopathic disorders that contribute to the majority of cases that occur in adult men. |
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| Keywords: | Hypogonadism late-onset men testosterone deficiency testosterone |
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