婚姻报恩与《聊斋志异》恩报主题

《聊斋志异》恩报思想体现于婚姻关系合理缔结,赞赏女子以献身生子的方式来报答施恩于其家者,恩报关系成为两性婚爱关系建立的前提动机和情感基础。而为了报恩不必受封建礼教对男女交往的束缚,礼法规范被恩报义务所取代。女子成为婚姻的主动者,常常为履行报恩使命无媒自嫁,冲破人鬼、人与动物精怪的界限。蒲松龄婚姻报恩主张与其整个报恩观分不开。其一强调奴仆对主子报恩,二是强调朋友或普通人之间受恩必报。局限性是以恩为标准,故本质上每每与情、与两性之爱相矛盾相冲突。它还基于把女性和性爱婚姻看成报恩工具的深层意念,精怪、女鬼实际上也是现实生活中弱势群体的化身,她们的报恩本质上也是男性性满足之必然性期盼的产物。

Paying a Debt of Gratitude by Marriage and the Theme of Repaying an Obligation in Liaozhaizhiyi

The thought of repaying an obligation in Liaozhaizhiyi embodied in a reasonable conclusion of marital relationship,applauding women to devote herself and give child to the one who had granted favor to her family,in which the relationship of repaying an obligation has become the premise motivation and emotional basis in building the loving marriage relationship between genders.And repaying an obligation that needs not restricted by the feudal ethics of male-female friendships,the norms of etiquette and law was replaced by obligations.Implementing mission of repaying an obligation,woman become initiative in marriage,usually married without playing matchmaker,and broke through the strange boundaries between mankind and ghost,human and the animals.Pu Songling's advocates paying a debt of gratitude by marriage are inseparable from his whole thoughts of repaying an obligation.First,it emphasized slaves repay an obligation to the master; Second,it is emphasize of that one should pay a debt of gratitude when received favors from friends or ordinary people.The limitation is taking favors as the standard,so that there is usually contradiction and conflict with emotion and love in essence.It is also based on the deep gratitude ideas that taking the female and the sexual love marriage as a tool for repaying an obligation.Actually,Jingguai and the female ghost is also incarnation of vulnerable groups in the realistic life,their repaying an obligation is essentially outcome by a man meets his inevitable sexual expectations.