中国史籍中的钓鱼岛及其相关岛屿考

钓鱼岛及其附属岛屿自古以来就是中国领土不可分割的一部分,无论从历史文献、地理和地质构造,还是从国际法的角度来评判,其领土主权皆属中国。在中国的历史文献中,最早出现钓鱼屿名字的文献是1403年前后成书的《顺风相送》。之后,钓鱼岛列屿便不断在中国文献中出现。例如1534年明朝出使琉球册封使陈侃的《使琉球录》,以及随后的多部册封使录,1556年奉使日本的宣谕使郑舜功所著的《日本一鉴》,防倭抗倭的史地学家郑若曾的《郑开阳杂著》等史籍,都明确指出钓鱼岛列屿就在福建沿海海域。根据嘉靖四十一年(1562年)出版的《筹海图编》,包括今之澎湖列岛(澎湖澳)、台湾岛(小琉球)、彭佳山、钓鱼屿、黄尾屿(黄毛山)、赤尾屿(赤屿)等,皆纳入福建沿海军事防卫区域,在中国政府有效控制的领土版图内。钓鱼岛列屿主权归属中国的史实,载诸典籍,斑斑可考。

An Analysis of the Diaoyu Islands in Chinese Historical Works

The Diaoyu Islands have been an inseparable part of the Chinese territory since the ancient times. From historical,geographic,geological and international law perspectives,its sovereignty belongs to Chi-na.The first appearance of the Diaoyu Islands is found in Shun Feng Xiang Song,which was written ap-proximately in 1403.Since then,the name of the islands has continually appeared in Chinese historical works.For instance,Shi Liu Qiu Lu written by CHEN Kan,a Chinese envoy to Ryukyu,Ri Ben Yi Jian written by ZHENG Shungong,a Chinese envoy to Japan,and Zheng Kaiyang Za Zhu by ZHENG Ruozeng, a histro-geographer in the anti-Japanese campaign in the Ming Dynasty,all pointed out that the Diaoyu Islands are along the coast of Fujian.According to 1562’s Chou Hai Tu Bian,today＇s Penghu Islands,Di-aoyu Islands,Taiwan,Pengjia Island,Huangwei Islet,and Chiwei Islet are all zoned for the defense of Fu-jian,which makes them under China＇s effective control.China＇s sovereignty over the Diaoyu Islands is a well-established fact.