历史观与世界观概念辨析

历史观是人们从时间角度观察世界而概括世界运动本质和规律形成的对世界历史过程的总体观念,也是人们从纵向观察世界历史活动过程的思维方式。历史观有狭义与广义之分,狭义为人类史观,广义为人类史观和自然史观的总和;历史观还有唯心史观与马克思的唯物史观之分,前者把历史意识化,后者旨在还原历史真相,有马克思的狭义唯物史观与广义的大唯物史观之别,关注狭义唯物史观可知人世生存之道,关注广义的大唯物史观有利于生态平衡和可持续发展。世界观有旧哲学世界观与马克思新哲学新世界观之分,旧哲学世界观是抽象世界观,旨在解释世界;马克思新哲学新世界观是现实的人实践活动的人物一体化的现实世界观,旨在改变世界。世界观还有普遍世界观、特殊世界观、个别世界观之别,普遍寓于特殊和个别之中,特殊和个别又不能脱离普遍而存在。世界观和历史观二者都是人们对同一个对象世界的观察、思考、概括、抽象,马克思的＂新世界观＂和＂唯物史观＂的本质也是同一的,都是为了认识、把握和改变世界,实现每个人自由全面的发展。

On the Distinction of the Conception of History and World Outlook

The view of History is human overall concept of the world historical process by summarize the nature of world movement and the law formation from a time point of view,human＇s way of thinking about universe activities in the course of history. from the longitudinal view. The conception of history has both narrow and broad sense. The former is for human history and the latter generalizes both the human and natural history. It can also be divided into idealist conception of history and materialist conception of history. The former makes history idealized,and the latter aims to restore the historical truth. There are also two branches in materialist conception of history,narrow and broad historical materialism of Marxism. Narrow historical materialism looks for the way of human survival,and the broad one is conducive to the ecological balance and sustainable development. World outlook can be classified into old world outlook and new outlook of Marxism. The former refers to abstract world outlook and tries to explain the world,while the latter remains a practical world outlook and aims to change the world. Both the view of history and world outlook is the observation,generation,abstraction of the same world. But the new world outlook and historical materialism of Marxism are of the same nature and have the same purpose to know,grasp and change the world so as to realize the comprehensive development of individual.