低碳交通运输的综合评价指标及其应用

从综合交通运输视角，提出交通运输业单位换算周转量、单位增加值及人均的交通运输能源消费量与碳排放量3个指标考察低碳交通运输发展状况，从国家和区域层面对中国低碳交通运输发展状况进行了评价。结果表明:1996—2010年中国单位交通运输增加值、单位换算周转量的能源消费量与碳排放量，总体上都呈现下降态势；但人均交通运输的能源消费与碳排放量持续走高，反映出中国机动化需求不断提升，机动化进程不断加速。另外，无论是单位换算周转量、单位交通运输增加值，还是人均交通的能源消费与碳排放量，中国交通运输业的低碳发展在区域层面都存在明显的不平衡状况；中西部地区的交通运输业低碳发展水平相对较低，未来还有很大提升空间。

The Comprehensive Evaluation Indicators for Low-carbon Transport and Applications

From the perspective of comprehensive transportation, this paper puts forward three types of comprehensive evaluation indicators for low-carbon transport development, i.e., the transportation energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions per unit of transportation turnover, per unit of added-value of transport industry, as well as per capita. The empirical study using these indicators is conducted on both China's national and regional levels. The results indicate that, for one thing, the transportation energy consumption and carbon emissions per unit of transportation turnover and per unit of added-value of transportation industry see continual decline during 1996—2010, while those of per capita witness an increase, which reflects the growing demand of motorization. For another, there are significant disparities between different provinces in China in terms of each indicator. In addition, middle and western provinces appear relatively backward in terms of the low-carbon transportation.