卫星遥感数据法庭可证据性法律问题研究

卫星遥感数据相比传统证据采集方式存在优越性，近些年也频繁地被国际和国内法庭争端当事方用作证据。法庭在是否采信的问题上立场不一，国际法院在涉及领土主权争端案件中对其较为排斥，国际刑事法院、欧盟法院和部分国家国内法院在涉及特定事项时态度较为肯定和积极。原因和卫星遥感数据本身的特质有关，在有着无可比拟优势的同时，其作为证据仍存在个人隐私权保护、知识产权保护、数据的可获得性以及专家证词真实性等问题。卫星遥感数据法庭可证据性问题集中体现了科技与法律之间相互促进和矛盾性，国际社会目前立法仍为空白，国际和地区实践处于分而治之的局面。

Legal Study of Satellite Remote Sensing Data as Court Evidence

There are advantages for evidences gathering by satellite remote sensing data compared with traditional evidences, which are frequently used in recent years by the international and domestic court dispute parties as evidences. Courts attitudes are divided on the question of whether or not to admit satellite remote sensing data as evidence. The International Court of Justice in cases concerning territorial sovereignty disputes is more conserved, while the International Criminal Court (ICC), the European Court of Justice and some of domestic courts, in relation to specific items, are more positive and active. Reasons are related with characteristics of satellite remote sensing data itself, which is it has unparalleled advantages, meanwhile as evidence there are still problems such as privacy protection, the protection of intellectual property rights, availability of data and expert testimony authenticity. The whole issue embodies promotive relationship and contradiction between science and technology. There is still blank in this area for international community legislation, resulting in conflicts in regional and international practices.