朝野禁政观念与清末禁烟激变

清末禁烟是晚清历次鸦片禁政中规模和影响较大的事件。清末朝野各方对待鸦片禁政的认识颇有区别,知识界和官方的立场接近一致,而烟农和烟商则以不同的方式加以抵制。随后酿成的禁政激变风起云涌,愈演愈烈,尤以烟农抵制禁种罂粟的"民变"最为激烈,使鸦片禁政的历程充满了血雨腥风。朝野对禁政激变的反应十分复杂,当局的善后筹划和应对政策软弱无力,致使纷乱局面难以控制。清末禁烟虽系善政,但时人看法与当今评说颇有距离,其中蕴涵的学术载道的现象值得思量。

Concept of Politics Prohibition in the Court and among the People and Drastic Changes of Opium-ban in Late Qing Dynasty

The banning on opium-smoking and the opium trade toward the end of Qing Dynasty was more great scale and effect than anyother actions in this dynasty.To the same thing of banning on opium,the government and the public had different opinions.At the end of Qing Dynasty,the Intelligentsia and government held same ideas,but opium farmer and trader resisted banning action.In the following times,the conflict between these ideas got more and more intense,especially in the form of opium farmer incident centered on no-planting opium policy.The government and the public's reaction to opium-banning incident was very complex.The loan dealing with the aftermath and the corresponding policy were very powerless.It was difficult to control the political confusion situation.