《左传》中的“年、时、月、日”

本文对《左传》中表示时间单位的“年、时、月、日”等词语的意义进行了深入探讨。其中，“日、时”具有多种与时间相关的意义，这些意义的体现除了与它们不同的结构形式有关，还与它们在句中的句法位置和语法功能存在明显的对应关系。“月、年”的主要功能相对单一，主要是与数词组合，但由于上古汉语没有序数和基数的区分，导致这种组合同时具有表示时点和时段的双重意义，而对这两种意义的区分，同样需要依靠其在句中所处的句法位置予以判定。

"Nian, Shi, Yue, Ri" in Zuo-zhuan

This article mainly depicted and generalized the meaning of ＂nian, shi, yue, ri＂ in Zuo-Zhuan. We found that ＂r i, shi＂ had different meanings, and these meanings were relevent to not only their structure, but also their syntax position and their function; ＂yue, nian＂ had a simple structure with number, but due to that ancient Chinese has no difference between ordinal and radix, the strcture also had different meanings which could be determined by their syntax position.