论"批判学派"研究在中国的兴起及其意义

列宁在《唯批》中,从哲学的两条基本路线出发划分物理学危机与革命中的两个派别,明确提出“‘物理学唯心主义”的概念,把马赫、彭加勒、迪昂、奥斯特瓦尔德、皮尔逊哲学思想的共性归之于“哲学唯心主义”,并正式命名为“‘物理学’唯心主义学派”。中国学者李醒民在八十年代初提出新的划分标准,即“力学学派”或“机械学派”和“批判学派”。“批判学派”与“‘物理学’唯心主义学派”所指人物相同,但哲学的出发点和目标截然相反。“批判学派”的提出,是八十年代中国科学哲学界在这个问题上认识突破的开端,由此展开了“批判学派”五位代表的研究,有力地推进了在这个问题上的认识转变。 

On the Rise and Significance of the Research of "Critical School" in China

In the Materialism and Empiriocriticism, Lenin clearly put forward the concept of “idealism in physics” from two basic philosophical lines of division of two factions: the crisis and revolution of physics, attributed the commonness of philosophy of Mach, Poincare, Duhem, Ostwald and Pearson to “idealism”, and officially named “the ‘Physics’ Idealism School”. Li Xingmin, a Chinese scholar, put forward a new classification criterion in the 1980’s, that is the “Mechanics School” or “Mechanical School” and “Critical School.” “Critical School” and “‘Physics’ Idealistic School” referred to the same persons, but the starting point and goal of philosophy diametrically opposed. “Schools of Criticism” was proposed, launched a study of five representative of the “School of Criticism”, effectively promoted the change of understanding on this issue.