内部性与外部性及其政府管制的产权分析

文章以一个生产安全的案例为切入点 ,尝试用现代产权理论分析框架而非传统的方法来分析内部性问题及其政府管制产生的根源。在产权理论看来 ,由于交易成本为正 ,产权便不能完整界定清楚而必有一部分被置于公共领域 ,成为有信息优势的交易者攫取的公共财富 ,从而对交易者另一方造成未在合同条款中反映的损害。这即所谓的内部性。因此 ,政府管制的目的在于降低充分界定产权的成本 ,提高资源配置的效率。以此为基础 ,文章最后把内部性和外部性整合在同一个产权理论框架内 ,使二者及其政府管制有一个统一的理论基础。一、引言在管制经济学中 ,内…

An Analysis of Ownership in Terms of its Internalities,Externalities and Government Control thereof

Starting with a case study of safety in production, I attempt, in this article, to use the framework of modern ownership theory, and not the traditional method, to analyze the internalities and externalities of ownership on the one hand and, on the other, the root of government control thereof. According to the ownership theory, because transaction cost is positive, ownership cannot be completely and clearly defined, and a part must be positioned in the public domain, making traders with advantages in information grab public wealth as their own, thus incurring to the counter party losses not stipulated on terms and conditions of the contract. That is what is called internalities. The purpose of government control, therefore, lies in reduction of the cost of completely defined ownership, and raise in efficiency of resource allocation. On this basis, this paper will finally integrate the internalities the externalities into one in the same framework of ownership theory, causing the two factors and government control to have a unified theoretic foundation.