改革开放40年中国公路交通行业技术变迁及启示

2018年是中国改革开放40周年，在改革开放政策的引领和推动下，中国道路、公路隧道、桥梁、工程机械、汽车等公路交通行业迅速发展壮大，突破了诸多技术研发与施工建设难题，取得了举世瞩目的成绩。对改革开放40年来中国道路、公路隧道、桥梁、工程机械、汽车等公路交通行业技术发展变迁与取得的成就进行系统梳理与总结，并对其未来发展趋势进行分析，凝练40年来公路交通行业发展所带给我们的宝贵经验及启示。研究发现，40年来，中国公路交通行业的多个技术领域取得了先进适用的技术进步与实践应用，推动了智能交通、绿色交通与交通信息等技术的融合发展；但存在着科技创新不足、智能化和信息化缺乏、生态与安全保障欠缺等问题。研究认为，中国公路交通行业的发展，应坚持创新科技成果与交通技术的深度融合，坚持推动交通运输管理体系不断协调和完善；坚持绿色交通发展，在新能源领域寻求突破；坚持改革开放，在交通技术与管理方面构建更加活跃的发展市场；坚持运用共享思维，吸引民间资本参与交通基础设施建设和管理；以《中国制造2025》为行动纲领，进一步发挥公路交通的行业引领作用，增强公路交通核心竞争力，是建设交通强国的重要保障，也将推动中国公路交通行业发展更上新台阶。

Transformations and inspirations of technology in Chinese road transportation industry over the past 40 years of Reform and Opening up

2018 witnessed the 40 years anniversary of China’s Reform and Opening up. Under the guidance and impetus of the Reform and Opening up policies，Chinese road transportation industry including streets，highways and tunnels，bridges，construction machinery and automobile sector is developing fast，having solved many technological research and construction problems and made significant achievements. This article gives a systematic summary of the technological transformations and achievements made in Chinese road transportation industry including streets，highways and tunnels，bridges，construction machinery and automobile sector and analyzes future developing trend referring to 40 years of valuable experience and inspirations. Research finds that during these 40 years，many fields in the Chinese road transportation industry have acquired many advanced technologies and feasible applications through pushing forward integration of technologies in smart traffic，green traffic and traffic information. However，there are still problems such as lack of technological innovation， intelligence，information，ecological security and safety. Research also shows that the development of Chinese road traffic industry should stick to deeper integration of scientific innovations with current transportation technologies，promoting the coordination within the transportation management system to perfect it，developing green transportation by seeking break throughs in new energy，standing by Reform and Opening up to establish vigorous markets in transportation technology and management，and continue to have sharing thinking patterns to more attract private capital into construction and management of traffic infrastructure. Meanwhile，the Made in China 2025 should also be taken as a guideline to further make various sectors of road transportation industry a leading role in enhancing the industry’s core competitiveness. This is a critical guarantee to establish China as a nation with strong transportation and will further develop Chinese road transportation industry to a higher level.