控制、僭越与毁灭:谈《白鲸》中的社会关系

《白鲸》以亚哈与众船员之间的控制与反控制展开叙述，亚哈利用金钱收买、言辞说服、情感交换、仪式表演等种种手段，重塑了“皮阔德号”上的权力秩序，将一条原本打算出海捕鲸的普通渔船及其船员，变成了完全臣服于个人意志的工具，最终制造了船毁人亡的悲剧。麦尔维尔对“皮阔德号”上社会关系的细致观察与描写，既源自其对捕鲸生活的熟悉与了解，更投射着作家对此时美国社会与政治现实的关切与焦虑。

Suppression,Arrogation and Catastrophe: on the Social Relations in

In the novel Moby Dick, Herman Melville intentionally subdued the violence and highlighted the social harmony aboard the Pequod. This article argues that though Ahab in Moby Dick did not use much violence to control his crew, the reason is not because the aged and disabled captain was kind, but because he was too smart to use it. The article elaborates the ways and means by which a resentful but sophisticated Ahab adopted to manipulate the officers and harpooners alike and how he eventually converted a normal whaler into a doomed personal tool. Imaging a tragic failure for his Ship of State in Moby Dick, Herman Melville neither sold the idea of social harmony cheaply nor praised the Republic at face value