从港澳朱大仙信俗来源看非物质文化遗产的探源与传播问题

朱大仙信仰在港澳部分渔民之间虽然已流传了80多年,但并不为大众所熟悉。文章从历史学与文献学角度对港澳朱大仙信仰的来源做了研究,重新深入讨论了香港大澳龙岩寺与朱大仙信仰的关系,包括“朱大仙是朱明皇朝后裔”“大禹化身”和“朱大仙即朱立仙”等说法。由于民间信仰会随着不同地域和社会、不同信仰社群的发展而产生变化,故而在深入了解、探究乃至在将其“文化遗产化”时必须尽量回溯到最初时刻,从源头梳理其发展过程。

The Source Exploring and Spreading Issue of Intangible Cultural Heritage in Terms of the Originality of Zhu Daxian Faith in Hong Kong and Macao

The Zhu Daxian faith has been popular among some fishermen of Hong Kong and Macao for more than 80 years, but it is not popular in the public. In the article, the originality of Zhu Daxian faith in Hong Kong and Macao was studied from the perspectives of history and philology, in which the relationship between the Longyan Temple in Tai O of HK and Zhu Daxian faith was discussed profoundly, including some folk tales that Zhu Daxian is the royal descendant of Ming dynasty, the embodiment of Dayu, and Zhu Daxian is Zhu Lixian and etc. As the folk faith will change with development of different regions, sociality and faith community, so it is necessary to date back to the initial moment and to clarify the development process from the source in the process of understanding, exploring and cultural heritagelizing the folk faith.