国外非营利组织研究述评

近三十年国外对非营利组织的研究主要取得了以下成果:①诠释第三部门的兴起,创立了市场失灵、政府失灵、第三者政府及志愿主义理论;②解读第三部门发展趋势,形成了政治经济学、组织生态学、新制度主义及多元福利的解释范式。近来,第三部门研究兴趣主要聚焦于非营利组织的定义、第三部门社会角色、非营利组织发展与转型、慈善与志愿、组织与管理等方面。总体看来,国外非营利组织研究尚处于成长阶段,还存在着明显的不足。

Review on the research about the third sector in overseas countries

As a set of social institution that was not governmental or for-profit,Non-profit organizations has long histories and various relations with governments.But the concept of non-profit organization as a unified and coherent sector was not shaped until the mid 70's.This paper reviews and summarizes the results of their lasting engagement for more than 30 years' particularly in the research about the Third Sector in overseas countries.The findings show that the purview of research has broadened extensively,but there is still a long way to go.Hence,the paper also reviews some challenges that lie ahead.