汉语被动式的语用价值

被动式与主动式结构不同，用途也不同。关于汉语被动式用途，过去学术界占统治地位的看法是：汉语的被动式主要用来表示不幸和不如意情感色彩的。稍作测试可知，这种看法是不正确的。汉语被动式包含多种类型，其用途也是丰富多样的，其中有的属于基本用途，有的属于辅助用途。本文通过被动式与一般主动式、主谓谓语句等句子形式以及被动式内部各种类型的比较，对汉语被动式的用途进行归纳、梳理。

Pragmatic Value of Chinese Passive Voice

The structure and use of passive voice are different from those of the active voice. In the past the dominat view about the use of Chinese passive voice in the academic circles was that it was chief- ly used to convey an emotional colouring of misfortune and undesirableness. A bit test can verify the error of the view. As a matter of fact Chinese passive voice contains multiple kinds and its use is also adundantly various; some uses are basic, some supplementary. In this paper the use of Chinese passive voice is summarized and carded by means of comparison passive voice and common active voice, the sentence forms of subject verb sentence, predicate sentence, and the various forms of the passive voice itself.