Obesity and excess mortality among the elderly in the United States and Mexico |
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Authors: | Malena Monteverde Kenya Noronha Alberto Palloni Beatriz Novak |
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Institution: | 1.Centro de Estudios Avanzados-CEA-CONICET,Córdoba,Argentina;2.Department of Economics,Federal University of Minas Gerais,USA;3.Center for Demography and Ecology,University of Wisconsin-Madison,USA |
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Abstract: | Increasing levels of obesity could compromise future gains in life expectancy in low-and high-income countries. Although excess
mortality associated with obesity and, more generally, higher levels of body mass index (BMI) have been investigated in the
United States, there is little research about the impact of obesity on mortality in Latin American countries, where very the
rapid rate of growth of prevalence of obesity and overweight occur jointly with poor socioeconomic conditions. The aim of
this article is to assess the magnitude of excess mortality due to obesity and overweight in Mexico and the United States.
For this purpose, we take advantage of two comparable data sets: the Health and Retirement Study 2000 and 2004 for the United
States, and the Mexican Health and Aging Study 2001 and 2003 for Mexico. We find higher excess mortality risks among obese
and overweight individuals aged 60 and older in Mexico than in the United States. Yet, when analyzing excess mortality among
different socioeconomic strata, we observe greater gaps by education in the United States than in Mexico. We also find that
although the probability of experiencing obesity-related chronic diseases among individuals with high BMI is larger for the
U. S. elderly, the relative risk of dying conditional on experiencing these diseases is higher in Mexico. |
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