Energy statistics: A class of statistics based on distances |
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Authors: | Gábor J Székely Maria L Rizzo |
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Institution: | 1. National Science Foundation, 4201 Wilson Blvd. #1025, Arlington, VA 22230, United States;2. Rényi Institute of Mathematics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Hungary;3. Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH 43403, United States |
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Abstract: | Energy distance is a statistical distance between the distributions of random vectors, which characterizes equality of distributions. The name energy derives from Newton's gravitational potential energy, and there is an elegant relation to the notion of potential energy between statistical observations. Energy statistics are functions of distances between statistical observations in metric spaces. Thus even if the observations are complex objects, like functions, one can use their real valued nonnegative distances for inference. Theory and application of energy statistics are discussed and illustrated. Finally, we explore the notion of potential and kinetic energy of goodness-of-fit. |
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Keywords: | Energy distance Goodness-of-fit Multivariate independence Distance covariance Distance correlation |
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