中美政府对高校科技创新的支撑作用比较分析

美国政府对高校科技创新活动的支持始于第二次世界大战期间.二战改变了美国的科研模式,确立了政府与高校在科研领域的新型合作关系.而中国高校科技工作受到政府的重视并得到快速发展则是在20世纪80年代以后.虽然中美两国政府都主要从政策和资金两个方面为高校科技创新活动提供支持与引导,但在支持的强度、支持的目的和引导的方向上存在较大差异.只有深入比较这些差异及分析产生差异的原因,才能为中国政府加强对高校科技创新的支撑作用提供可靠的理论和实践依据.

Comparative Study on Government's Backing Universities' Sci-tech Innovation in China and America

US government started up its support to universities' innovation of sci-tech research during the World War II,which changed the pattern of American sci-tech research and set up the new cooperative relationship between the government and universities in the field.By comparison,China's government offered such support to universities as late as from the 80's of 20th century,with which their sci-tech research developed rapidly,though there were considerable differences found between the two governments in the effectiveness,aim and orientation especially the funds and policy of the support offered.To enhance the support sustainably offered by China's government,the causes of the differences are discussed in depth theoretically and empirically.